#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
Caddy Manager for Personal Internet Cell.

Generates a Caddyfile based on the current identity (domain mode, cell name,
domain) and the list of installed services that contribute reverse-proxy
routes.  Uses Caddy's admin API on http://127.0.0.1:2019 to hot-reload the
config without restarting the container.

Domain modes supported:
    lan        — local-only, internal CA, HTTP + self-signed HTTPS via
                 /etc/caddy/internal/{cert,key}.pem
    pic_ngo    — DNS-01 ACME via the pic_ngo Caddy plugin (wildcard cert)
    cloudflare — DNS-01 ACME via the cloudflare Caddy plugin (wildcard cert)
    duckdns    — DNS-01 ACME via the duckdns Caddy plugin
    http01     — HTTP-01 ACME (no wildcard); each subdomain gets its own
                 server block (used by No-IP, FreeDNS, etc.)

For all ACME modes ``acme_ca`` is read from the ``ACME_CA_URL`` env var so
tests / staging can point at Pebble or LE-staging without a code change.
Routes for installed services are inserted before the catch-all ``handle``
in the main server block (or, for ``http01``, written as their own per-host
blocks).
"""

import logging
import os
from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional

import requests

from base_service_manager import BaseServiceManager

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

# Live Caddyfile path inside the cell-api container (host path is
# ./config/caddy/Caddyfile, mounted at /app/config-caddy).  May be overridden
# in tests via the CADDYFILE_PATH env var.
LIVE_CADDYFILE = os.environ.get('CADDYFILE_PATH', '/app/config-caddy/Caddyfile')

# Caddy admin API base — local to the cell-api container only because Caddy
# binds 2019 on 127.0.0.1.  In production the API and Caddy both run with
# host networking via the bridge, so this hostname must be set to the Caddy
# container hostname (or admin enabled cluster-wide).  We default to
# localhost to match the dev/test wiring.
CADDY_ADMIN_URL = os.environ.get('CADDY_ADMIN_URL', 'http://cell-caddy:2019')


class CaddyManager(BaseServiceManager):
    """Manages Caddy reverse-proxy configuration and runtime health."""

    def __init__(self, config_manager=None,
                 data_dir: str = '/app/data',
                 config_dir: str = '/app/config',
                 service_bus=None,
                 service_registry=None):
        super().__init__('caddy', data_dir, config_dir)
        self.config_manager = config_manager
        self.container_name = 'cell-caddy'
        self.caddyfile_path = LIVE_CADDYFILE
        self._service_registry = service_registry
        # Consecutive health-check failure counter (reset on success or when
        # the caller restarts the container).
        self._health_failures = 0

        if service_bus is not None:
            from service_bus import EventType
            service_bus.subscribe_to_event(EventType.IDENTITY_CHANGED, self._on_identity_changed)

    # ── BaseServiceManager required ───────────────────────────────────────

    def get_status(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        """Return basic Caddy status (running + admin-API reachable)."""
        healthy = self.check_caddy_health()
        return {
            'service': self.service_name,
            'running': healthy,
            'admin_url': CADDY_ADMIN_URL,
            'caddyfile_path': self.caddyfile_path,
            'consecutive_failures': self._health_failures,
        }

    def test_connectivity(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        """Ping the Caddy admin API."""
        ok = self.check_caddy_health()
        return {
            'success': ok,
            'admin_url': CADDY_ADMIN_URL,
        }

    # ── Caddyfile generation ──────────────────────────────────────────────

    def generate_caddyfile(self, identity: Dict[str, Any],
                           installed_services: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> str:
        """Generate a complete Caddyfile based on identity and services.

        Args:
            identity: identity dict from ``ConfigManager.get_identity()``.
                      Expected keys: ``cell_name``, ``domain_mode``, optional
                      ``custom_domain``, ``acme_email``.
            installed_services: list of service dicts; each may have a
                                ``caddy_route`` string with one or more
                                Caddyfile directives (e.g.
                                ``"handle /calendar* {\\n  reverse_proxy ..."``).

        Returns:
            Caddyfile text.
        """
        identity = identity or {}
        cell_name = identity.get('cell_name', 'cell')
        domain_mode = identity.get('domain_mode', 'lan')

        # Aggregate the per-service route snippets that go inside the main
        # server block (everything except http01 mode).  Each route is
        # indented to four spaces to keep the Caddyfile readable.
        service_routes = self._collect_service_routes(installed_services)

        # Core routes always present in the main server block.  Inserted
        # *after* installed-service routes so a more specific /api/* on a
        # service can never shadow the API itself (no service should use
        # /api anyway, but this protects us from misconfigured plugins).
        core_routes = (
            "    handle /api/* {\n"
            "        reverse_proxy cell-api:3000\n"
            "    }\n"
            "    handle {\n"
            "        reverse_proxy cell-webui:80\n"
            "    }"
        )

        if domain_mode == 'lan':
            return self._caddyfile_lan(cell_name, service_routes, core_routes)
        if domain_mode == 'pic_ngo':
            return self._caddyfile_pic_ngo(cell_name, service_routes, core_routes)
        if domain_mode == 'cloudflare':
            custom_domain = identity.get('domain_name', identity.get('domain', f'{cell_name}.local'))
            return self._caddyfile_cloudflare(
                custom_domain, service_routes, core_routes
            )
        if domain_mode == 'duckdns':
            return self._caddyfile_duckdns(cell_name, service_routes, core_routes)
        if domain_mode == 'http01':
            host = identity.get('domain_name', identity.get('domain', f'{cell_name}.noip.me'))
            return self._caddyfile_http01(host, installed_services, core_routes)

        # Fallback to lan so we always emit a valid Caddyfile.
        logger.warning("Unknown domain_mode %r; falling back to 'lan'", domain_mode)
        return self._caddyfile_lan(cell_name, service_routes, core_routes)

    # ── per-mode generators ───────────────────────────────────────────────

    @staticmethod
    def _global_acme_block(email: Optional[str]) -> str:
        """Return the ``{ ... }`` global block for an ACME-enabled mode."""
        lines = ["{"]
        # Bind admin API on all interfaces so cell-api can reach cell-caddy
        # across the Docker bridge (default 127.0.0.1 is unreachable cross-container).
        lines.append("    admin 0.0.0.0:2019")
        if email:
            lines.append(f"    email {email}")
        # Always allow tests to override the ACME directory via env var.
        lines.append("    acme_ca {$ACME_CA_URL}")
        lines.append("}")
        return "\n".join(lines)

    @staticmethod
    def _build_core_service_routes(domain: str) -> str:
        """Return 4-space-indented named-matcher + handle blocks for core services."""
        return (
            f"    @calendar host calendar.{domain}\n"
            f"    handle @calendar {{\n"
            f"        reverse_proxy cell-radicale:5232\n"
            f"    }}\n"
            f"    @mail host mail.{domain} webmail.{domain}\n"
            f"    handle @mail {{\n"
            f"        reverse_proxy cell-rainloop:8888\n"
            f"    }}\n"
            f"    @files host files.{domain}\n"
            f"    handle @files {{\n"
            f"        reverse_proxy cell-filegator:8080\n"
            f"    }}\n"
            f"    @webdav host webdav.{domain}\n"
            f"    handle @webdav {{\n"
            f"        reverse_proxy cell-webdav:80\n"
            f"    }}\n"
            f"    @api host api.{domain}\n"
            f"    handle @api {{\n"
            f"        reverse_proxy cell-api:3000\n"
            f"    }}"
        )

    def _build_registry_service_routes(self, domain: str) -> str:
        """Build named-matcher + handle blocks from the service registry.

        Falls back to the hardcoded ``_build_core_service_routes`` when no
        registry is wired or the registry returns nothing, so the method is
        always safe to call even in tests that don't supply a registry.
        """
        routes: List[Dict] = []
        if self._service_registry is not None:
            try:
                routes = self._service_registry.get_caddy_routes()
            except Exception as exc:
                logger.warning('_build_registry_service_routes: registry error: %s', exc)

        if not routes:
            return self._build_core_service_routes(domain)

        # Pre-seed with reserved names so no registry entry can squat them.
        seen_matchers: set = {'api', 'webui'}

        blocks: List[str] = []
        for route in routes:
            primary_sub = route['subdomain']
            backend = route['backend']
            extra_subs: List[str] = route.get('extra_subdomains') or []
            extra_backends: Dict[str, str] = route.get('extra_backends') or {}

            if primary_sub in seen_matchers:
                logger.warning('Caddy: skipping duplicate/reserved matcher %r', primary_sub)
                continue
            seen_matchers.add(primary_sub)

            # Subdomains that share the primary backend go in one matcher block.
            shared = [primary_sub] + [s for s in extra_subs if s not in extra_backends]
            host_list = ' '.join(f'{s}.{domain}' for s in shared)
            blocks.append(
                f'    @{primary_sub} host {host_list}\n'
                f'    handle @{primary_sub} {{\n'
                f'        reverse_proxy {backend}\n'
                f'    }}'
            )
            # Extra subdomains with their own backends each get their own block.
            for sub, sub_backend in extra_backends.items():
                if sub in seen_matchers:
                    logger.warning('Caddy: skipping duplicate/reserved matcher %r', sub)
                    continue
                seen_matchers.add(sub)
                blocks.append(
                    f'    @{sub} host {sub}.{domain}\n'
                    f'    handle @{sub} {{\n'
                    f'        reverse_proxy {sub_backend}\n'
                    f'    }}'
                )

        # The api subdomain is always infrastructure — not delegated to the registry.
        blocks.append(
            f'    @api host api.{domain}\n'
            f'    handle @api {{\n'
            f'        reverse_proxy cell-api:3000\n'
            f'    }}'
        )
        return '\n'.join(blocks)

    @staticmethod
    def _indent_routes(routes: str, spaces: int = 4) -> str:
        """Indent a multi-line route block by ``spaces`` columns."""
        if not routes:
            return ""
        prefix = " " * spaces
        return "\n".join(prefix + line if line.strip() else line
                         for line in routes.splitlines())

    def _collect_service_routes(self,
                                installed_services: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> str:
        """Concatenate ``caddy_route`` strings from installed services."""
        chunks: List[str] = []
        for svc in installed_services or []:
            route = (svc or {}).get('caddy_route')
            if route:
                chunks.append(route.strip("\n"))
        return "\n".join(chunks)

    def _caddyfile_lan(self, cell_name: str,
                       service_routes: str, core_routes: str) -> str:
        """LAN mode: HTTP only + internal-CA TLS, no ACME."""
        body = []
        if service_routes:
            body.append(self._indent_routes(service_routes))
        body.append(core_routes)
        inner = "\n".join(body)
        return (
            "{\n"
            "    admin 0.0.0.0:2019\n"
            "    auto_https off\n"
            "}\n"
            "\n"
            f"http://{cell_name}.cell, http://172.20.0.2:80 {{\n"
            "    tls /etc/caddy/internal/cert.pem /etc/caddy/internal/key.pem\n"
            f"{inner}\n"
            "}\n"
        )

    def _caddyfile_pic_ngo(self, cell_name: str,
                           service_routes: str, core_routes: str) -> str:
        """pic_ngo mode: wildcard DNS-01 via the pic_ngo plugin."""
        domain = f"{cell_name}.pic.ngo"
        body = [self._build_registry_service_routes(domain)]
        if service_routes:
            body.append(self._indent_routes(service_routes))
        body.append(core_routes)
        inner = "\n".join(body)
        email = f"admin@{domain}"
        return (
            f"{self._global_acme_block(email)}\n"
            "\n"
            f"*.{domain}, {domain} {{\n"
            "    tls {\n"
            "        dns pic_ngo {\n"
            "            token {$PIC_NGO_DDNS_TOKEN}\n"
            "            api_base_url {$PIC_NGO_DDNS_API}\n"
            "        }\n"
            "    }\n"
            f"{inner}\n"
            "}\n"
        )

    def _caddyfile_cloudflare(self, custom_domain: str,
                              service_routes: str, core_routes: str) -> str:
        """cloudflare mode: wildcard DNS-01 via the cloudflare plugin."""
        body = [self._build_registry_service_routes(custom_domain)]
        if service_routes:
            body.append(self._indent_routes(service_routes))
        body.append(core_routes)
        inner = "\n".join(body)
        return (
            f"{self._global_acme_block('{$ACME_EMAIL}')}\n"
            "\n"
            f"*.{custom_domain}, {custom_domain} {{\n"
            "    tls {\n"
            "        dns cloudflare {$CF_API_TOKEN}\n"
            "    }\n"
            f"{inner}\n"
            "}\n"
        )

    def _caddyfile_duckdns(self, cell_name: str,
                           service_routes: str, core_routes: str) -> str:
        """duckdns mode: DNS-01 via the duckdns plugin."""
        domain = f"{cell_name}.duckdns.org"
        body = [self._build_registry_service_routes(domain)]
        if service_routes:
            body.append(self._indent_routes(service_routes))
        body.append(core_routes)
        inner = "\n".join(body)
        return (
            f"{self._global_acme_block(None)}\n"
            "\n"
            f"*.{domain} {{\n"
            "    tls {\n"
            "        dns duckdns {$DUCKDNS_TOKEN}\n"
            "    }\n"
            f"{inner}\n"
            "}\n"
        )

    def _caddyfile_http01(self, host: str,
                          installed_services: List[Dict[str, Any]],
                          core_routes: str) -> str:
        """http01 mode: no wildcard.  Each service gets its own block."""
        # Main host block — only the core routes (api + webui).
        out = [self._global_acme_block('{$ACME_EMAIL}'), ""]
        out.append(f"{host} {{")
        out.append(core_routes)
        out.append("}")

        # Build (subdomain, backend) pairs from registry when available.
        _core_services = self._http01_service_pairs()
        for subdomain, backend in _core_services:
            out.append("")
            out.append(f"{subdomain}.{host} {{")
            out.append(f"    reverse_proxy {backend}")
            out.append("}")

        # One block per installed (store plugin) service that has a caddy_route,
        # skipping any name that conflicts with a core service.
        _core_names = {s for s, _ in _core_services}
        for svc in installed_services or []:
            if not svc:
                continue
            route = svc.get('caddy_route')
            name = svc.get('name') or svc.get('subdomain')
            if not route or not name or name in _core_names:
                continue
            out.append("")
            out.append(f"{name}.{host} {{")
            out.append(self._indent_routes(route))
            out.append("}")
        return "\n".join(out) + "\n"

    def _http01_service_pairs(self) -> List[tuple]:
        """Return (subdomain, backend) pairs for http01 per-host blocks."""
        pairs: List[tuple] = []
        if self._service_registry is not None:
            try:
                for route in self._service_registry.get_caddy_routes():
                    pairs.append((route['subdomain'], route['backend']))
                    extra_subs: List[str] = route.get('extra_subdomains') or []
                    extra_backends: Dict[str, str] = route.get('extra_backends') or {}
                    for sub in extra_subs:
                        backend = extra_backends.get(sub, route['backend'])
                        pairs.append((sub, backend))
            except Exception as exc:
                logger.warning('_http01_service_pairs: registry error: %s', exc)
                pairs = []
        if not pairs:
            pairs = [
                ('calendar', 'cell-radicale:5232'),
                ('mail',     'cell-rainloop:8888'),
                ('webmail',  'cell-rainloop:8888'),
                ('files',    'cell-filegator:8080'),
                ('webdav',   'cell-webdav:80'),
            ]
        pairs.append(('api', 'cell-api:3000'))
        return pairs

    # ── filesystem + admin-API operations ─────────────────────────────────

    def write_caddyfile(self, caddyfile_content: str) -> bool:
        """Write the Caddyfile and reload Caddy via the admin API.

        Writes in-place (same inode) so Docker bind-mounts continue to see
        the file.  Returns True if both write and reload succeed.
        """
        try:
            os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(self.caddyfile_path)),
                        exist_ok=True)
        except (PermissionError, OSError) as e:
            logger.warning("Could not create Caddyfile dir: %s", e)

        try:
            with open(self.caddyfile_path, 'w') as f:
                f.write(caddyfile_content)
                f.flush()
                try:
                    os.fsync(f.fileno())
                except OSError:
                    pass
            logger.info("Wrote Caddyfile to %s (%d bytes)",
                        self.caddyfile_path, len(caddyfile_content))
        except Exception as e:
            logger.error("Failed to write Caddyfile: %s", e)
            return False

        return self.reload_caddy()

    def reload_caddy(self) -> bool:
        """POST the current Caddyfile to the Caddy admin API for a hot reload.

        Returns True on HTTP 200, False otherwise.
        """
        try:
            with open(self.caddyfile_path, 'r') as f:
                caddyfile = f.read()
        except Exception as e:
            logger.error("Cannot read Caddyfile for reload: %s", e)
            return False

        url = f"{CADDY_ADMIN_URL}/load"
        try:
            resp = requests.post(
                url,
                data=caddyfile,
                headers={'Content-Type': 'text/caddyfile'},
                timeout=10,
            )
        except requests.RequestException as e:
            logger.error("Caddy admin reload failed: %s", e)
            return False

        if resp.status_code == 200:
            logger.info("Caddy reload succeeded (status=200)")
            return True
        logger.error(
            "Caddy reload failed: status=%s body=%s",
            resp.status_code, resp.text[:500],
        )
        return False

    def check_caddy_health(self) -> bool:
        """GET the Caddy admin API root.  Returns True on HTTP 200."""
        try:
            resp = requests.get(CADDY_ADMIN_URL + "/", timeout=5)
        except requests.RequestException as e:
            logger.debug("Caddy health check error: %s", e)
            return False
        return resp.status_code == 200

    # ── consecutive-failure bookkeeping ───────────────────────────────────

    def get_health_failure_count(self) -> int:
        """Return the current consecutive failure count."""
        return self._health_failures

    def increment_health_failure(self) -> int:
        """Increment and return the consecutive failure count."""
        self._health_failures += 1
        return self._health_failures

    def reset_health_failures(self) -> None:
        """Reset the consecutive failure counter to zero."""
        self._health_failures = 0

    # ── certificate status ────────────────────────────────────────────────

    def regenerate_with_installed(self, installed_services: list) -> bool:
        """Regenerate Caddyfile with installed services and reload."""
        identity = self.config_manager.get_identity()
        content = self.generate_caddyfile(identity, installed_services)
        return self.write_caddyfile(content)

    def _on_identity_changed(self, event) -> None:
        """Regenerate and reload the Caddyfile when cell identity changes."""
        try:
            self.regenerate_with_installed([])
        except Exception as exc:
            self.logger.warning('caddy_manager identity_changed handler failed: %s', exc)

    def get_cert_status(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        """Return TLS cert status from identity['tls'] if present."""
        default = {'status': 'unknown', 'expiry': None, 'days_remaining': None}
        if not self.config_manager:
            return default
        try:
            ident = self.config_manager.get_identity() or {}
        except Exception as e:
            logger.error("get_cert_status: failed to read identity: %s", e)
            return default
        tls = ident.get('tls') or {}
        return {
            'status': tls.get('status', 'unknown'),
            'expiry': tls.get('expiry'),
            'days_remaining': tls.get('days_remaining'),
        }