feat: validate ip_range must be within RFC-1918 on save

API: rejects ip_range outside 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, or 192.168.0.0/16
with a 400 error before saving to config.

UI: isRFC1918Cidr() validates on every keystroke; error message shown inline
below the field; Save Identity button disabled while the value is invalid.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

api/app.py

@@ -435,6 +435,25 @@ def update_config():
         # Handle identity fields (cell_name, domain, ip_range, wireguard_port)
         identity_keys = {'cell_name', 'domain', 'ip_range', 'wireguard_port'}
         identity_updates = {k: v for k, v in data.items() if k in identity_keys}
+
+        # Validate ip_range — must be a valid CIDR within an RFC-1918 range
+        if 'ip_range' in identity_updates:
+            import ipaddress as _ipa
+            _rfc1918 = [
+                _ipa.ip_network('10.0.0.0/8'),
+                _ipa.ip_network('172.16.0.0/12'),
+                _ipa.ip_network('192.168.0.0/16'),
+            ]
+            try:
+                _net = _ipa.ip_network(identity_updates['ip_range'], strict=False)
+                if not any(_net.subnet_of(r) for r in _rfc1918):
+                    return jsonify({'error': (
+                        'ip_range must be within an RFC-1918 private range '
+                        '(10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, or 192.168.0.0/16)'
+                    )}), 400
+            except ValueError as _e:
+                return jsonify({'error': f'Invalid ip_range: {_e}'}), 400
+
         # Capture old identity and service configs BEFORE saving, for change detection
         old_identity = dict(config_manager.configs.get('_identity', {}))
         old_svc_configs = {

webui/src/pages/Settings.jsx

@@ -69,14 +69,39 @@ function Section({ icon: Icon, title, children, collapsible = false, defaultOpen
   );
 }
 
+// ── RFC-1918 validation ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+function isRFC1918Cidr(cidr) {
+  if (!cidr || !cidr.trim()) return false;
+  const m = cidr.trim().match(/^(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)\/(\d+)$/);
+  if (!m) return false;
+  const [, a, b, c, d, p] = m.map(Number);
+  if ([a, b, c, d].some(n => n < 0 || n > 255) || p < 0 || p > 32) return false;
+  const ip = ((a << 24) | (b << 16) | (c << 8) | d) >>> 0;
+  const ranges = [
+    { net: 0x0a000000, prefix: 8 },   // 10.0.0.0/8
+    { net: 0xac100000, prefix: 12 },  // 172.16.0.0/12
+    { net: 0xc0a80000, prefix: 16 },  // 192.168.0.0/16
+  ];
+  for (const { net, prefix } of ranges) {
+    if (p < prefix) continue;
+    const mask = (0xffffffff << (32 - prefix)) >>> 0;
+    if ((ip & mask) >>> 0 === (net & mask) >>> 0) return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
 // ── Field components ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
-function Field({ label, children, hint }) {
+function Field({ label, children, hint, error }) {
   return (
-    <div className="flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-center gap-1 sm:gap-4">
+    <div className="flex flex-col sm:flex-row sm:items-start gap-1 sm:gap-4">
-      <label className="text-sm text-gray-600 sm:w-48 shrink-0">{label}</label>
+      <label className="text-sm text-gray-600 sm:w-48 shrink-0 sm:pt-1.5">{label}</label>
-      <div className="flex-1">{children}</div>
+      <div className="flex-1">
-      {hint && <span className="text-xs text-gray-400">{hint}</span>}
+        {children}
+        {error && <p className="text-xs text-red-500 mt-1">{error}</p>}
+      </div>
+      {hint && !error && <span className="text-xs text-gray-400 sm:pt-1.5">{hint}</span>}
     </div>
   );
 }
@@ -338,7 +363,12 @@ function Settings() {
   };
 
   // identity save
+  const ipRangeError = identity.ip_range && !isRFC1918Cidr(identity.ip_range)
+    ? 'Must be within an RFC-1918 range: 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, or 192.168.0.0/16'
+    : null;
+
   const saveIdentity = async () => {
+    if (ipRangeError) return;
     setIdentitySaving(true);
     try {
       const res = await cellAPI.updateConfig(identity);
@@ -475,7 +505,7 @@ function Settings() {
               placeholder="cell.local"
             />
           </Field>
-          <Field label="IP Range" hint="Docker bridge subnet">
+          <Field label="IP Range" hint="Docker bridge subnet" error={ipRangeError}>
             <TextInput
               value={identity.ip_range}
               onChange={(v) => { setIdentity((i) => ({ ...i, ip_range: v })); setIdentityDirty(true); }}
@@ -486,7 +516,7 @@ function Settings() {
         <div className="flex justify-end mt-4">
           <button
             onClick={saveIdentity}
-            disabled={!identityDirty || identitySaving}
+            disabled={!identityDirty || identitySaving || !!ipRangeError}
             className="btn-primary flex items-center gap-2 text-sm disabled:opacity-50"
           >
             {identitySaving ? <RefreshCw className="h-4 w-4 animate-spin" /> : <Save className="h-4 w-4" />}